FINAL EXAM - "Examen Final"

PLEASE CHECK ALL THE "BLOG ENTRIES" - AFTER THE MIDTERM ENTRY. Blog entries to study: January 24, February 17, March 2, March 26 and May 5, 2015. Also, check the links under "Fave" Links, and study/review your tests, quizzes and handouts.

Check the PowerPoints in Edmodo.

You must review and study the following:

1. The "Nosotros" Commands and the Verbos Saber & Conocer.
2. The Imperfect Tense and Adjectives of Nationality.
3. Verbos Ser & Estar and their uses.
4. Asking directions in Spanish.
5. "El Tiempo" ¿Qué tiempo hace hoy? Hace buen tiempo or hace mal tiempo, etc.
6. The Possessive Adjectives and the Possessive Pronouns (long form).
7. The Preterite Tense and the Imperfect Progressive.
8. All the vocab mentioned in the Blog entries.
9. Verbo Hacer (Hace + Time Expression + que) with present tense and preterite verbs (not the Imperfect!)
10. Adverbs and changing adjectives to adverbs (with -mente).
11. Present Tense of Reír(se) and Freír.
12. The Subjunctive Mood.

If you have any questions, please let me know. ¡Gracias!

Capítulo 5 - More...

You must learn some of the adverbs in Spanish (check the examples below) and understand how to change some adjectives into adverbs. Remember: an adverb is a word or phrase that modifies or qualifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb or a word group, expressing a relation of place, time, circumstance, manner, cause, degree, etc. (e.g., gently, quite, then, there).

Examples of adverbs in Spanish: 

bastante (quite, enough, or rather), demasiado (too, too many), mal (badly), mucho (a lot), muy (very), nunca (never), peor (worse), poco (little), simper (always), a menudo (often), a tiempo (on time),  casi (almost), despacio (slowly), muchas veces (a lot, many times), pronto (soon), rápido (quickly).

If you have adjectives that end with an "o" like claro, lento, perfecto, rápido, etc. the "o" changes to an "a" and you add the ending -mente. Examples: solo - solamente, clara - claramente, lento - lentamente, perfecto - perfectamente, rápido - rápidamente, necesario - necesariamente, loco - locamente, cariñoso - cariñosamente, etc. For adjectives that end with an "e" you simply add -mente (don't change the "e"). Examples: inteligente - inteligentemente, posible - posiblemente, probable - probablemente, suave - suavemente, constante - constantemente, etc. For adjectives that end with a consonant, you simply add -mente. Examples: especial - especialmente, difícil - difícilmente, fácil - fácilmente, feliz - felizmente, etc. EASY! (¡Fácil!)

Just practice and check G & V page 79.  Also check LIBRO page 232 for more and try to understand exercise No. 15. And review the handout I gave you on the Formation of Adverbs (from StudySpanish.com).

You will have a Test on Friday, May 15, 2015 that will include the Adverbs, the vocab on pages 234 & 235 and the "Hace (+ time expression) que (+ present tense of a verb)," the "Hacía (+ time expression) que (+ present tense of a verb)" and "Hace..." to mean "ago" constructions. Please review the handouts on these constructions and how using the present tense or the preterite tense in a sentence changes the meaning. The main rule is: if you use "hace" with "a time expression" + que + a verb in the preterite tense, you mean to say "this time ago." Example: "Hace un año estudié español en España" means "a year ago I studied Spanish in Spain." When the verb is in the preterite tense, a different meaning is conveyed.

Please check the top four links under "Fave" Links in this blog, read the explanations below and STUDY the handouts I gave you. ¡Gracias!

Hacer with expressions of time

Overview

The verb hacer can be used many ways: the perfect tenses, to indicate quantity with hay, and also various ways to describe time. You can describe how long ago something happened or how long you have been doing something. 

•     Hace un año que estudian español. (They have been studying Spanish for one year).

•     Hace un año que estudié español. (I studied Spanish one year ago).

Past actions that continue into the present (have verb for time)

To say that you have been doing something for a certain amount of time, you have three options for forming your statements.

hace + time + que + present tense

OR

present tense + hace + time

OR

present tense + desde hace + time

•     Hace seis años que conozco a mi esposo. (I have known my husband for six years).

•     Habla español hace tres años. (He has spoken Spanish for three years).

•     Tengo mi trabajo desde hace seis meses. (I have had my job for six months).

Actions that occurred a specific amount of time ago (time ago)

To say when something happened in the past, you have two options in forming your statements.

hace + time + que + preterite

OR

preterite + hace + time

•     Hace seis años que encontré a mi esposo. (It was six years ago that I met my husband).

•     Hace cinco minutos que llegó. (He arrived five minutes ago).

•     Aprendió a hablar español hace tres años. (He learned to speak Spanish three years ago).

•     Empecé mi trabajo hace seis meses. (I started my job six months ago).

Capítulo 4 - Lección B "En la Finca" & Capítulo 5 - "¿Qué compraron?"

You will have a test on Thursday, April 16, 2015 (tendrán n examen de Español II el jueves 16 de abril del 2015). Please check the PowerPoint on Possessive Adjectives - Long Form in Edmodo.

You need to know the following: Lección B, Vocabulario II "En la finca" (all the vocab on pages 182 and 183). Please add: el perro, el gato, la yegua, el chivo y la cabra. You must know the Possessive Adjectives - Long Form (Stressed), and the Possessive Pronouns. Please study pages 186 & 187 (LIBRO). Exercises No. 23 (p. 187), 25, 26 and 27 (p. 188), and No. 28 (p. 189). The G&V pages 63 & 64 (I gave you) are very important too. I will include THE PRETERITE and THE IMPERFECT on the test, so please review/study the handouts and photocopies I gave you.

We will start Chapter 5 the week of March 30th.

QUIZ: on April 23 you will have a quiz on the new vocab pages 202 & 203 (matching) and The Imperfect of Regular and Irregular Verbs. Add the following vocab: banano(s), fresa(s), manzana(s), limón (limones), leche, lechuga, tomates, mantequilla, naranja(s), and uvas. WB page 67 is important to review the Imperfect and the G & V pages 52, 53, 55 and 56 (handout I gave you in class 4/22/15).

Next Test (4/30/15): The verbos reír(se) and freír (Present Tense) LIBRO page 216. Exercises No. 26, page 216, and No. 23, page 217 are important, as well as WB pages 89 (# 11) and 90 (# 12); and G & V page 73. The Imperfect Progressive, page 228, p. 229, Exercises No. 7 & 8; p. 230, Exercises No. 9, 10 & 11; and p. 231, No. 12. G & V page 77 and G & V page 78 (click links). Also the vocab on page 212 (I'll skip p. 224).

Check these sites to review the Imperfect Progressive and Imperfect Progressive 2 (click links).

On Capítulo 5 you will learn new vocab - fruits and other supermarket items (other foods) in Spanish, page 202 and pages 212 & 213. You will review the Preterite Tense on page 206. You need to try to understand when to use the Preterite and when to use the Imperfect ("Estructura" on page 208); Workbook page 86. On WB page 87 and LIBRO p. 209 when to use "hay, había and hubo." You will review/study the Irregular of Preterite Tense verbs ("Estructura" on page 218). You will learn the Imperfect Progressive Tense on page 228 and adverbs ending in "-mente" o page 232, and more vocabulary pages 224 & 225 and 234 & 235 (I will let you know which is the most important vocab to learn).

Possessive Pronouns (above)

Present Tense of Reír and Freír (above)

Capítulo 4 - Verbos SER and ESTAR & More...

You already learned the imperfect of regular and irregular verbs; now you will review the verbs SER and ESTAR and learn the uses of these verbs (how to use them properly). You will practice the present tense and the imperfect of Ser and Estar. Please check the following Señor Jordan's videos: Uses of Estar, Uses of Ser, Ser Practice, Estar Practice and Ser vs. Estar Test 1. 

These are the USES of SER and ESTAR:

Please complete the handouts I gave you to review Ser and Estar in the present tense and the imperfect. This is very important for the test you will have Thursday, March 12, 2015. The test will also include the adjectives of nationality (LIBRO page 166), the imperfect of verbo GUSTAR, and the Diálogo II and exercises on page 158, plus the vocabulary on pages 156 and 157. Review/study the "Repaso Rápido" on page 164 and try to do exercise No. 27 on page 165. Also review exercises No. 28 and 29 on page 167.

HOMEWORK DUE FRIDAY, MARCH 6, 2015: Please translate the Diálogo II on page 158 (including the title) and answer the questions on exercises No. 17 and 18. I will collect for a grade.

CAPÍTULO 4 - "The Imperfect Tense" & More

This quarter you will learn how to conjugate regular and irregular verbs in "The Imperfect Tense." Please check the LIBRO pages 152, 153, and 160; and expand your notes. I already gave you the G&V pages 52 and 53 (study these pages for the Quiz you are having on Thursday, February 19, 2015 and the Test, Wednesday, February 25, 2015). For the Test you need to know the irregular verbs and the vocab on pages 156 and 157 "En el zoológico." Add the word "oso" for bear ("el oso," "la osa," "el oso panda," "la osa panda"). Later on you will learn more animals, pages 182 and 183. Workbook page 65 is important!

You will also learn the "Adjectives of Nationality," page 166 (LIBRO), and Special Endings pages 156 and 157. The important thing to remember with the adjetives of nationality is that they change with the subject pronoun (the "o" changes to "a" if the subject pronoun is feminine), except the ones that end with "e."  Examples: Ese chico es colombiano, ¿verdad? La amiga de Susana es guatemalteca. Yo soy costarricense (doesn't change). Please study the verb endings and verbs below and practice with other -AR, -ER and -IR verbs ("The Imperfect Tense"):

THE IMPERFECT TENSE

Check: Practice 1, Practice 2, Practice 3. And check the Señor Jordan videos under "Fave" Links.

Third Quarter - "NOSOTROS" Commands, "Direcciones" & "Verbos Saber y Conocer"

We will start the Third Quarter learning the "Nosotros" Commands. I will give you some handouts and show you a couple of videos, besides carefully explaining how to use these commands, which are widely used in Spanish-Speaking countries and by Spanish-Speaking people here in the USA. You will also work in groups to practice these commands and create more commands using other verbs I will give you.

The "Nosotros" Commands are used when you want others to do an activity with you. In English you say "Let's (do something)." Examples: Let's dance (bailemos); let's sing (cantemos); let's eat (comamos); let's run (corramos), etc. Please read the "Estructura" on page 114 (LIBRO). You will do Exercise No. 28 (page 115) and the Workbook exercises on pages 50 (No. 14) and 51 (No. 15).

You can check this video: "Nosotros" Commands (to review). I will give you these "G&V Exercises" pages, page 41 and page 42 (please click the page numbers to view these G&V pages) to read and learn how to create these commands and practice.

You will have a Quiz - February 5, and a Test - February 10. The test will also include the "vocab" from pages 120 & 121, and on how to give and ask directions in Spanish (handouts I gave you); besides the "Nosotros Commands" including adding pronouns to these commands.

You will learn how to ask and give directions in Spanish. If you are in a Spanish-Speaking country it would be beneficial to know how to do this. You will get some handouts on this material. Questions you could ask when asking for directions: 1. ¿Me puedes mostrar en el mapa? (Can you show me on the map?); 2. ¿Cómo llego al hotel Mariposa? (How do I get to the Mariposa Hotel?); 3. ¿Dónde está el museo El Prado? (Where is the Prado Museum?); 4. ¿Dónde queda la estación de buses? (Where is the Bus Station?)

You will also learn how to properly use the verbs SABER and CONOCER (LIBRO page 124) and will do exercises No. 7, 8 and 9 on page 125, and No. 10, 11 and 12 on page 126. You can check the video: Saber vs Conocer (to review). Also, Verbo Saber and Verbo Conocer. Saber is used to express that you know a fact, a piece or pieces of information and how to do something. Conocer is used to express that you know a person, place or thing. Check these verbs below (and noticed the different "Yo" forms):

YOU MUST WATCH ALL THESE VIDEOS AT HOME! These four videos are very important to understand the "Nosotros" Commands and the proper use of the verbs Saber and Conocer.

We will complete Capítulo 3 in February. ¿Preguntas? Please ask me if you have any questions or need some assistance. ¡GRACIAS CHICAS!

JANUARY'S MIDTERM

Please review the following for the Midterm Exam (you can copy and paste the information below in a Word Document and print it for yourself if you wish) - you should have notes and handouts on all this material:

(Abbreviations: WB - Workbook, LIBRO - ¡Aventura! Textbook, G & V or Grammar & Vocab. - Grammar & Vocabulary Exercises, Vocab. - Vocabulary or Vocabulario)

1. Capítulo 1:  Vocabulary pages 2, 12 and 32. "The Present Progressive," LIBRO page 9 and 10. Construction Ir + a + Infinitive, LIBRO page 11, WB page 4. "THE PRETERITE" (Past Tense) or -AR, -ER & -IR verbs, LIBRO page 16 (including Verbos -car, -gar & -zar), exercises Nos. 25, 26 & 28; "Estructura" page 17; page 26 ("Repaso Rápido" and exercises Nos. 7 & 8; page 27 ("Estructura" - The Preterite of Irregular Verbs and exercise No. 9). WB pages 7, 8, 12 & 13. Preterite of Verbo GUSTAR (gustó-gustaron).
2. Capítulo 1:  Preterite of Verbs to review - hablar, bajar, lavar, llamar, llegar, navegar, apagar, buscar, sacar, trabajar, enviar, empezar, comenzar, visitar, comer, aprender, traer, leer, escribir, pedir, dormir, preferir, seguir and conseguir, recibir, vivir. Irregular verbs: dar, decir, estar, hacer, ir, ser, tener and ver.
3. Capítulo 1: Review the Indirect Object Pronouns (IOP's) and the Direct Object Pronouns (DOP's), LIBRO page 36, exercise No. 25. WB page 18.
4. Capítulo 2: The Reflexive Pronouns (RP) and Reflexive Verbs, like afeitarse, bañarse, cepillarse, ducharse, lavarse, maquillarse, sentarse, vestirse, etc. Vocab and verbs LIBRO page 50, 51, 54 & 55; page 56, exercise No. 12. WB pages 24, 25 (#6 only) & 27.
5. Capítulo 2: Demonstrative Adjectives & Pronouns, LIBRO pages 65 & 66 ("Estructura"). Review handouts on these adjectives & pronouns! Also the Possessive Adjectives & Pronouns... WB page 29.
6. Capítulo 2: "Partes del Cuerpo" LIBRO page 70. WB page 31.
7. Capítulo 2: Verbo DOLER (me duele, te duele, etc.), LIBRO page 74  and PowerPoint in Edmodo. WB pages 34 & 35.
8. Capítulo 3:  "COMMANDS" - Affirmative & Negative, Informal (tú) & Formal  (Ud. & Uds.) Commands. Study/Review ALL handouts I gave you on Commands. Also latest handouts on "Using Object Pronouns with Commands." For the Midterm I will give you a page with the Commands of Irregular Verbs (not your own). LIBRO - "Estructura" page 102. LIBRO - page 104, exercise No. 10. LIBRO page 110 - "Estructura." WB page 44. G&V Exercises pages 36, 39 & 40 (#s 10 & 11 only).
9. STUDY ALL FIRST SEMESTER QUIZZES & TESTS AND ALL HANDOUTS ON ABOVE MATERIAL. STUDY YOUR NOTES IN YOUR "CUADERNOS."
10. VOCABULARY:  Only the vocab on pages 2, 12, 32 & 33, 50 & 51, and 70 (not 71).
11. Any questions, please feel free to ask me. ¡GRACIAS CHICAS! 

CAPÍTULO 3 - "Mi Ciudad"

We already started Chapter 3 (before our Christmas Break), learning the "Commands." Please start working on the vocabulary on pages 98 and 99, and 106 and 107. I also need you to know the following verbs: "buscar, poder, querer" and others in this chapter to be able to understand questions like: "¿Qué busca Alicia en el mapa? ¿Qué quiere ver Pedro? ¿Qué puede hacer Pedro?" etc. (page 100); and be able to create your own questions using these verbs.

Review (learn) the following prepositions: "a, al lado de, cerca de, lejos de, con, de, desde, para, por, sobre," and others on page 86 (Chapter 2). You will have to know how to use these in sentences. Examples: Mi casa está al lado del parque; su oficina está al lado de la estación de buses (autobuses); yo vivo cerca de la escuela, etc.

Para: ¿Para qué tienes que ir a la estación de autobuses? Para pedir información sobre los horarios para ir (page 100). Another example: ¿Para quién es ese regalo? Este regalo es para mi mamá...

Commands: I gave you several handouts on "Tú" Commands and "Usted & Ustedes" Commands (Affirmative & Negative Commands) of regular and irregular verbs. Make sure you understand these for the Test on Thursday, January 8, 2015. You can also review/study pages 102 and 110, and check: Quiz/Review on Commands (click link).

I will explain how to use commands with Reflexive Verbs (like afeitarse, levantarse, maquillarse, bañarse, ducharse, peinarse, cepillarse, etc.). We will also work on exercises No. 24 & 25 (pages 112 and 113). You will also learn the "nosotros" commands on page 114; and I will explain how to add pronouns (reflexive, direct object and indirect objects) to different commands. Examples: limpien las ventanas - límpienlas; abran los libros - ábranlos; limpia tu cuarto - límpialo; abre tu libro - ábrelo, etc. Check: Object Pronouns with Commands and Quiz/Review (click links). Also: "Nosotros" Commands and Quiz/Review. Quiz on Thursday, January 15, 2015.

Later on you will review the verbs "saber" and "conocer" and learn how to use these verbs, page 124. You will do exercises No. 7-11. Also the verbs "conocer" and "conducir" and learn how to use these verbs as well (with exercises No. 12-14.

Other important vocab you will learn: pages 120 and 121. Goal: to complete Chapter 3 in February.